Analisis Tingkat Kerawanan Banjir berbasis Metode Fuzzy Analytical Hierarchy Process (F-AHP) di Serang Raya
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.37058/diffraction.v8i1.476Keywords:
banjir, kerawanan banjir, Fuzzy AHP, SIG, Serang RayaAbstract
Banjir merupakan salah satu bencana hidrometeorologi yang sering terjadi di wilayah Serang Raya dan menimbulkan dampak terhadap aktivitas sosial dan ekonomi masyarakat. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis distribusi spasial tingkat kerawanan banjir menggunakan metode Fuzzy Analytical Hierarchy Process (F-AHP) berbasis Sistem Informasi Geografis (SIG). Analisis dilakukan dengan mempertimbangkan enam parameter, yaitu curah hujan, kemiringan lereng, elevasi, tutupan lahan, jenis tanah, dan jarak terhadap sungai. Bobot parameter ditentukan menggunakan metode F-AHP, kemudian diintegrasikan melalui analisis weighted overlay untuk menghasilkan peta kerawanan banjir. Hasil pemodelan diklasifikasikan menjadi lima kelas menggunakan metode Jenks Natural Breaks, yaitu sangat rendah, rendah, menengah, tinggi, dan sangat tinggi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kelas kerawanan tinggi mendominasi wilayah penelitian dengan luas 886,44 km² (44,97%), diikuti kelas menengah 598,68 km² (30,36%), rendah 238,97 km² (12,12%), sangat tinggi 215,47 km² (10,92%), dan sangat rendah 27,96 km² (1,42%). Wilayah dengan kerawanan tinggi hingga sangat tinggi terkonsentrasi di bagian utara yang merupakan kawasan hilir dengan topografi datar dan dekat jaringan sungai. Validasi menggunakan 101 data kejadian banjir tahun 2023 menunjukkan bahwa 96,04% kejadian berada pada kelas menengah hingga sangat tinggi, sehingga model F-AHP mampu merepresentasikan kondisi aktual dengan baik. Hasil penelitian ini dapat digunakan sebagai dasar perencanaan tata ruang, mitigasi, dan pengurangan risiko banjir di Serang Raya.
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